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However, I know that being on the receiving finish of a review is kind of annoying, and a critique of one thing that is close to 1’s coronary heart can easily be perceived as unjust. I attempt to write my reviews in a tone and form that I could put my name to, even though evaluations in my area are often double-blind and not signed. A evaluate is primarily for the good thing about the editor, to assist them reach a decision about whether to publish or not, however I try to make my critiques helpful for the authors as well. First, I learn a printed version to get an overall impression. I additionally pay attention to the schemes and figures; if they are properly designed and arranged, then in most cases the entire paper has additionally been carefully thought out. Most journals don't have particular directions, so I just learn the paper, usually starting with the Abstract, wanting on the figures, and then reading the paper in a linear fashion. 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The main features I contemplate are the novelty of the article and its influence on the sphere. I all the time ask myself what makes this paper relevant and what new advance or contribution the paper represents. Third, I consider whether or not the results or the proposed methodology have some potential broader applicability or relevance, because in my opinion that is necessary. Finally, I consider whether the methodology used is suitable. If the authors have introduced a brand new tool or software program, I will take a look at it in detail. If there's a major flaw or concern, I attempt to be honest and again it up with proof. I'm aiming to offer a complete interpretation of the standard of the paper that will be of use to each the editor and the authors. I assume plenty of reviewers strategy a paper with the philosophy that they're there to determine flaws. But I solely mention flaws in the event that they matter, and I will ensure the evaluation is constructive. 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Writing Your Paper Not studying APA format is a mistake that costs points for many students. APA format is the official fashion of the American Psychological Association and is used in many various kinds of science writing, especially the social sciences. Before you hand in any writing project, all the time double-check your page format, in-textual content citations, and references for correct APA format. This type of paper could be each difficult and attention-grabbing. You will get a chance to explore an individual in nice depth and discover insights into their behaviors and motivations. Before you start your project, learn extra about the way to write a psychology case examine. If you could have by no means written a psychology paper earlier than, you should begin with the basics. The method these items work, should you find one thing important and do an excellent job researching and writing your paper, you'll have a chance at publication in that journal. If your submission is rejected for no matter reason, odds are you must go down one level in the hierarchy of journals. Its thus best to start with some of the greatest journals. Of course, some terrific -- and influential -- articles aren't in the most visible journals, so this is a consideration however hardly a rule. Unclear or unnecessarily long prose might be graded accordingly. I creditBen Liblitat the University of Wisconsin-Madison for a concise instruction on tips on how to write good reviews in a graduate seminar course. Overall, make the style of the paper seem like these professors write. For different parts of your work, or for extending it, you are welcome to use whatever tools you need. Remember, you additionally don't need to replicate every part of the article you select; simply the part you can justify as necessary for the paper you'll write from this. To improve the chance that your paper will ultimately be published, its often better to decide on an article from a better journal. You are welcome to satisfy in small teams to debate papers, but each student must submit his or her own review. We have over 15 papers on the studying listing; nonetheless, you should submit paper critiques for only 9 of them. Psychology writing is very similar to different kinds of writing, however most instructors may have special requirements for every assignment. Emily is a truth checker, editor, and writer who has experience in psychology content material. Though you aren't required to submit reviews for all the papers, you're nonetheless required to learn the papers for sophistication discussions. In terms of selecting papers for reviews, you have to choose one from a set of papers to be discussed for the following one week from due date. For instance, whenever you paper evaluation is due on 9/15, you may choose one from the list of papers to be mentioned between 9/sixteen and 9/22. All papers are written from scratch and tailored to your directions. This is the one time within the essay you want them to understand what’s going on. It’ll appear to be you’re getting deeper and deeper into the subject with every word you say, however really you’ll JUST be wasting their time. List all literature cited in your paper, in alphabetical order, by first author. Keep his eight questions in thoughts and actively attempt to answer them as you read. If you can not reply those questions by the time you might be by way of, you have not really read the paper. Try again or use the class mailing listing to ask your classmates for help or clarification. If you want instructions or examples, try this guide to APA format. Before you flip in any type of psychology writing, it is vital to proofread and edit your work for errors, typos, and grammar. Do not simply depend on your laptop's spellchecker to do the job! Always learn completely by way of your paper to take away errors and ensure that your writing flows properly and is structured logically. Keep them targeted on satisfying each and every merchandise on the record. Encourage them to read it over a number of times while they are preparing, whereas they are writing, and earlier than they turn it in. Prepare the paper double-spaced with a minimum of 1 inch margins throughout and in 12 level font. (I notice that you can see it in smaller fonts, but that's not necessarily true for your reviewers.) Print on one side of the paper solely .

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So apparently the Media Lab figured out how to 3D print glass

So apparently the Media Lab figured out how to 3D print glass I saw a tweet from MIT News late last week about how some researchers at MIT, centered at the Mediated Matter  group in the Media Lab but including folks from mechanical engineering and the Glass Lab,  had figured out a way to 3D print glass. Id actually seen some objects on display at the Lab back in June, but had no idea how it worked; at first, I didnt even think it was glass, because I didnt think 3D printing glass was even possible. a 3D printed glass vessel Last week, however, Mediated Matter posted an (incredibly satisfying and visually gorgeous) video that shows how the process works: GLASS from Mediated Matter Group on Vimeo. More details from the G3DP project website: Mediated Matter Group in collaboration with MITs Department of Mechnical Engineering and MITs Glass Lab.  Additional researchers include Michael Stern (MIT MechE), Shreya Dave (MIT MechE), James Weaver (WYSS Institute, Harvard) and Peter Houk (Director, MIT Glass Lab). Ancient yet modern, enclosing yet invisible, glass was first created in Mesopotamia and Ancient Egypt 4,500 years ago. Precise recipes for its production the chemistry and techniques often remain closely guarded secrets. Glass can be molded, formed, blown, plated or sintered; its formal qualities are closely tied to techniques used for its formation. From the discovery of core-forming process for bead-making in ancient Egypt, through the invention of the metal blow pipe during Roman times, to the modern industrial Pilkington process for making large-scale flat glass; each new breakthrough in glass technology occurred as a result of prolonged experimentation and ingenuity, and has given rise to a new universe of possibilities for uses of the material. This show unveils a first of its kind optically transparent glass printing process called G3DP. G3DP is an?additive manufacturing platform designed to print optically transparent glass.?The tunability enabled by geometrical and optical variation driven by form, transparency and color variation can drive; limit or control light transmission, reflection and refraction, and therefore carries significant implications for all things glass.?The platform is based on a dual heated chamber concept. The upper chamber acts as a Kiln Cartridge while the lower chamber serves to anneal the structures. The Kiln Cartridge operates at approximately 1900 °F and can contain sufficient material to build a single architectural component. The molten material gets funneled through an alumina-zircon-silica nozzle.?The project synthesizes modern technologies, with age-old established glass tools and technologies producing novel glass structures with numerous potential applications. The G3DP project was created in collaboration between the Mediated Matter group at the MIT Media Lab, the Mechanical Engineering Department, the MIT Glass Lab and Wyss Institute. Researchers include: John Klein, Michael Stern, Markus Kayser, Chikara Inamura, Giorgia Franchin, Shreya Dave, James Weaver, Peter Houk and Prof. Neri Oxman. A selection of Glass pieces will appear in an exhibition at Cooper Hewitt, Smithsonian Design Museum in 2016.? The full text version of Additive Manufacturing of Optically Transparent Glass will appear in the September 2015 issue (Vol. 2, Issue 3) of? 3D Printing and Additive Manufacturing ?(3DP+), under the Editorial leadership of Skylar Tibbits, Director of the MIT Self-Assembly Lab. Details and complete information on 3DP+ can be found? at here. The patent Additive Manufacturing of Optically Transparent Glass was filed on April 25 of 2014.

How Personal Can Ethics Get - 978 Words

Akeyla Womack Jim Rowlett Organizational Behavior February 5, 2017 How Personal Can Ethics Get? Synopsis This paper investigates an incorporating case toward the end of our reading material and a few articles examined to completely see pretty much ethics can get in a business organization. The articles and contextual investigation direct point by point discoveries individual and inclinations can affect the morals of an association. This paper additionally surveys an association s standards and controls can affect morals. This is introduced on the evaluated contextual analysis around a representative at Wisson Fragrance Company situated in Chicago, Illinois named Valerie Young. Valerie s moral situations with her manager, Lionel Waters,†¦show more content†¦In the business sector, the association s system of life sets principles for deciding the distinctions amongst great and awful basic leadership and conduct. In essential way, the definition of business ethics narrows down to knowing the dissimilarity in good and bad and making the right choice or decision. The expression bu siness ethics can be utilized to depict the activities of people working in an association, and additionally the association as a whole. Ethical dilemmas Valerie is facing Valerie’s position in the organization is a marketing manager and therefore she is a connection between the Board of Directors and the operations territory. Valerie is confronting the problem of blow the whistle and enlightens the CEO everything concerning Waters, or keeps the norm, simply the way it is. Essentially, Valerie should report this circumstance to the organization s CEO. In any case, she is undecided on the grounds that she doesn t have indistinguishable rights from any U.S. subject. Valerie is only an outsider with approval to work and live in the U.S. In the direst outcome imaginable, she would misfortune her work approval and she will be made a request to leave the nation. In any case, that would not be the just a single outcome of this irritating issue. She is going to class and she is enlisted in a Master of Science program. On the off chance that sheShow MoreRelatedHow Personal Ethics Can Get1277 Words   |  6 Pages "How Personal Can Ethics Get?† Discuss how personal differences and preference can impact organizational ethics. Personal difference and preference can impact organizational ethics is such a way where people can end up getting hurt. Personal difference and preference is one’s own way of how they think or how they feel about someone or something. Organizational ethics is the understanding of values of how an organization can integrate morals and main beliefs that differentiate right fromRead MoreHow Personal Can Ethics Get? Essay689 Words   |  3 PagesBUS 520- Leadership and Organizational Behavior Professor Rebecca Letellier How Personal Can Ethics Get? Nekisha Adekoya 1. Discuss how personal differences and preferences can impact organizational ethics. Personal differences and preferences can impact organizational ethics by the perception of the individuals in high management and all those working in the organization. All individuals have their own interpretation of what the rules are and the ethical climate of the organizationRead MoreEthical System Table Essay867 Words   |  4 PagesPersonal Values Development Paper Yolanda Buchanan January 11, 2011 PHL/323 Edward Peet Personal Values Development Paper Ethics will always play a big part in our everyday lives. We deal with ethics issues everyday with our family, friends, and the workplace. As being employees for an organization, we should always be concerned about their ethical values. Organizations should always cares about their ethics. As people we depend on our employer to keep their employees and customersRead MoreMy Personal And Professional Ethics Essay1087 Words   |  5 Pagesyear in college I can see my career right ahead of me. I am attending Grand Valley State University to become a Physician Assistant. This makes me think about my involvement in people s health. This also makes me think about the responsibilities I have my patients and their well being. To be prepared for all of the challenges I will need to focus my attention on biomedical ethics. There are morals that have been engrained into my character. These include what is right or wrong and how I will behaveRead MoreAffect of Cultural Values And Personal Ethics in Business Decisions1221 Words   |  5 PagesPersonal, organizational, and cultural values can create a difficult problem when trying to make a business decision that includes all the previously stated. Personal values are what each individual holds dear to them living the type s of lives that he or she like and would like to lead. Organizational values are what are best for the company to maintain a good public image and employee guidance. Cultural are set on traditions handed down from generation to generation to preserve a way of livingRead More My Personal Ethics Essay1126 Words   |  5 PagesOxford American Dictionary, ethics is defined as â€Å"moral principles that govern a person’s or group’s behavior.† Therefore, in an ideal world, ethics should play the ultimate role when making a decision. If ethics are the principles which guides one’s behavior then, ideally, all decisions should be made entirely based on ethics. Unfortunately, such is not always the case. A few problems arise when one tries to make an ethical decision, especially as a leader. First, ethics may mean different thingsRead MoreMy Personal Ethics835 Words   |  4 PagesPersonal Ethics Statement Final Project My Personal Ethics Statement: In the world today I think that some have forgotten how personal ethics can play an important role in the success or failure in a person life weather it’s at work or in an educational setting it is quite often forgotten. It is very important that we pay attention to our surroundings and how we treat and interact with others we want to make sure that we carry ourselves in dignified and respectful manner and try a be mindfulRead MoreZhimeng Zhang. Essay 2. Prof. Floyd. Eng 28. 05/18/2017.864 Words   |  4 PagesBetween Ethics and Profits When people saw a film series and social media series, they realize business owner and politician are always compromised their ethics to do what they want to arrive the most profit. In fact, some business owner indeed chases for the most valuable profit at the prices of being lack of ethics, while others think that business and political ethics helps further success. The latter one is more meaningful. There are no different between business ethics and personal ethics. EthicsRead MoreVirtue, Ethics and Morality in Business Essay1497 Words   |  6 PagesVirtue, Ethics and Morality in Business To understand, virtue, ethics, and morality we must first understanding there meanings. According to Boatright, â€Å"†morality and ethics are interchangeable; however, they have some subtle differences.† (Ethics and Conduct of Business, Boatright) Webster’s Dictionary describes ethics as the discipline dealing with what is good and bad and with moral duty and obligation; a set or moral principles. Webster’s Dictionary describes moral as of or relating toRead MoreThe Nasw Code Of Ethics1266 Words   |  6 PagesAfter reviewing the NASW Code of Ethics, I am confident that my personal values will conform well to the social work profession. There are a few personal values of mine that may conflict to the social work profession; however, I will most certainly use my professional judgement to ensure that I will not break the NASW Code of Ethics. Overall, I found that many of my personal values were mentioned in the NASW Code of Ethics. There are several personal values of mine that conform well to the social

Sample Persuasive Message - 1105 Words

Sample Persuasive Message Judy Robertson COMM 470 May 23, 2011 Dr. Janice Carter-Steward Sample Persuasive Message In this paper the subject to identify is three behaviors inherent in e-tailing, explain how each medium enables e-commerce, and analyze each behavior using the communication process. The three behaviors to be discussed are independent variables, intervening variables, and dependent variables. Two types of independent variables are personal characteristics and environmental variables (Turban, King, McKay, Marshall, Lee, amp; Viehland, 2008). Personal characteristics refer to the demographic factors, internal individual factors, and behavioral characteristics (Turban, King, McKay, Marshall, Lee, amp; Viehland,†¦show more content†¦The buyers and sellers must trust the e-commerce’s computing environment and the infrastructure. If they do not feel comfortable or trust security of the infrastructure he or she will not buy the product he or she was looking to buy (Turban, King, McKay, Marshall, Lee, amp; Viehland, 2008). There are two ways to increase trust in e-commerce the following are: 1.) Affiliate with an objective third party. This builds trust by putting hypertext links on their website to other trusted reputable companies. 2.) Establish trustworthiness through these key elements integrity, competence, and security (Turban, King, McKay, Marshall, Lee, am p; Viehland, 2008). The organizational behaviors are similar, to individuals with a few differences, the individual is more the business-to-consumer where family and Internet communities can have an influence. The organizational is more the business-to-business concept where family and Internet communities have no influence on purchases (Turban, King, McKay, Marshall, Lee, amp; Viehland, 2008). Marketing and advertising processes for organizations are different. The traditional way to market goods was through trade shows, magazines, newspapers, and salespeople calling. With the digital world or e-commerce an organization could use online directory, matching, the marketing and advertising service of exchanges, co-branding or alliances, affiliate programs, online marketing, or e-communities (Turban, King, McKay, Marshall, Lee, amp;Show MoreRelatedSample Persuasive Message1623 Words   |  7 PagesSample Persuasive Message Your Name COMM 470 Instructore March 29, 2012 Sample Persuasive Message Most people have ventured onto the world wide web. Some enter the online world to check email from family members far away. Other people enjoy the web to watch videos on YouTube of babies doing the weirdest thing. Some log online for social media websites that let them know what their friends, family and celebrities are doing that day. Most people who have ventured online have shopped onRead MoreSample Persuasive Message1116 Words   |  5 PagesSample Persuasive Message Rodolfo G. Garcia Jr. COMM/470 August 22, 2011 Margarette Chavez Sample Persuasive Message E-tailing, short for electronic retailing is the sale of retail merchandise over the internet. There are many factors that beckon different behaviors in e-tailing ( Searchcio.com, 2011 ). It is the new wave of the world today. As technology steers our habits toward electronic commerce, it affects different behavioral aspects for both e-tailers and their customers. E-commerceRead MoreSample Persuasive Message1317 Words   |  6 PagesSample persuasive message COMM/470 Communicating In The Virtual Workplace Electronic commerce has become a part of everyday lives. Many retail choices available through the Internet, which can save time, effort, and provide a greater selection. Electronic retailers (e tailers) realize this has become an increasingly competitive environment. These retailers must not only find new customers but also retain the existing customers. As with any retail-company, business research isRead MorePersuasion Is The Act Of Changing Individuals1357 Words   |  6 Pagespersuasion attempts fail. This suggests that a persistent attempt to persuade can actually backfire, because the individual feels that the persuasive message is directly threatening their personal freedom. This threat to their personal freedom will often produce a defiant response which is called the boomerang effect. The individual reacts against the intended message and takes on a totally different attitude because they become irritated and their reaction is to go against the persuader , especially ifRead MoreImpact of Persuasive Advertisements on Consumer Buying Behavior Towards Health Related Products.1296 Words   |  6 Pages  Ã‚   | RESEARCH PROPOSAL FORMAT |   Ã‚  Ã‚   | Research Title: |    |   Impact of persuasive advertisements on consumer buying behavior towards health related products. | Introduction: |   Ã‚   | This thesis is about the study of consumer buying behavior towards health related product and their perceptions after watching advertisements and then make their decisions whether to purchase the product or not. This will help to find out the most important factors which can affect the buying behavior of the consumerRead MoreThe Potential Influences Of Attitude And Attitude Change1715 Words   |  7 Pagesenables this study to either prove or disprove whether individuals can be influenced by what they hear from a professional, or through word of mouth. According to Calder, Insko Yandall (1974), more arguments favouring a certain position are more persuasive than having less arguments. Although perhaps valid, this view cannot be extrapolated to this study, as it will aim to uncover new evidence using a different method (see method section) and the research is potentially out-dated. As previously mentionedRead More3 Inherited Behaviors Essay1581 Words   |  7 Pages In this discussion I will explain how each medium enables e-commerce. This essay will explain the analysis of each behavior using the communication process, which will explain the purpose, sender, receiver, message, environment, noise, technology, and feedback. At the end persuasive message focused on virtual audience will be developed and included in this essay. When a customer starts to search for a product or service on the Internet, there are many factors taken into consideration. In most casesRead MoreSample Message Essay1345 Words   |  6 PagesSample Persuasiv e Message COMM/470 Sample Persuasive Message The Internet has created many choices for consumers to shop within the privacy of their own home. The world of e-tailing has many competitors, striving to make a sale each and every time a consumer visits their website. In order to persuade the consumer to purchase a product, a business must effectively communicate the message about their product to the consumer. The primary purpose of a persuasive message is to have the receiverRead MoreA Research Study On Anti Smoking Campaign1494 Words   |  6 Pagesare in inducing higher levels of understanding and commitment to not smoking. Subjective quantitative data will be collected via self-reports. A Visual Analogue Scale (V.A.S.) will measure the audiences’ understanding of the message by asking â€Å"To what extent were the messages easy for you to understand?† wherein a point will be marked on a 100 millimetre (mm) scale ranging from 0, â€Å"not at all,† to 100, â€Å"a very great extent.† The numerical score will be determined through measuring the distance ofRead MorePersuasion Is The Process, And Motivation1322 Words   |  6 PagesPersuasive Speech â€Å"Persuasion is the process, and motivation is the compelling stimulus that encourages your audience to change their beliefs or behavior, to adopt your position, or to consider your arguments, (McLean, 2012)†. Persuasion is an act or process of presenting arguments to move, motivate, or change your audience,†. This involve observation of available means in a public speaking for persuasion, for remember persuading my husband to buy a car for my 40th birthday even that’s not he wants

8 1/2 Federico Fellini Free Essays

8 ? Federico Fellini Film 8 ? by Italian director Federico Fellini was one of the most influential film of the post-war 1960? s. Nevertheless, this film is an Italian comedy which was based on Guido Anselmi a famous Italian film director. Guido Anselmi has a mental block when it comes to his film, (â€Å"director‘s block†) and struggles with his flash backs, dreams, and reality. We will write a custom essay sample on 8 1/2 Federico Fellini or any similar topic only for you Order Now Guido desperately tries to find an inspiration to help him finish his film. However, with the wife, mistress, and friend’s pressure it becomes much harder for Guido to focus on his film production. This film was shot in black and white and yet of the depletion of technology and the un-discovery of color, Fellini still as a filmmaking director portrays the amusing and perplexing shots and scenes from the film in an engrossing way. Federico Fellini who directed the film gave the audience a new perspective of filmmaking and techniques. Fellini used several film techniques, but these two techniques stood out. Mise-en-scene and camerawork which both helped make this film one of the best of its time. On the other hand, Fellini was also one of the many film directors who used reflexivity, which means he created awareness of itself as a process as well as a process. This gave the film and audience an impression of what and how Federico Fellini works on his films. The audience can in a way get into Fellini’s mind and try to understand what it is that he is thinking or struggling with. Federico Fellini made 8 ? in a non-chronological way, which means that the film has no shot order. Guido’s dreams and reality intertwined throughout the entire film. This throws the audience off track but Guido’s on and off dream, memory and reality shot’s in the end come to making sense. Fellini used mise-en-scene for 8 ?. Mise-en-scene is a French term which means â€Å"what is put into the scene/frame†. Fellini knows the importance of lighting, background, and location. This is what makes the audience more aware and also helps understand what is happening throughout the film. For example, in one of the scenes, Fellini shows Guido speaking to his father and the camera angles shows his father standing in the foreground. This makes Guido’s father look smaller in the background. This is a very good example of mise-en-scene because it’s defined as the articulation of cinematic space. In this film Fellini took very good advantage of the frame. His way of placing characters is quite fascinating he almost places them like if they’d been on a stage while filmmaking. Camerawork was the second of many techniques that Federico Fellini used for the production of 8 ?. The way Fellini used the camera to show close ups, long shots, images, frame within a frame, and montage were very eye catching to the audience. One example would be, the scene where Guido remembers when he was younger and how he was wrapped with sheets. Then suddenly he starts to fantasize that all the women who live in the house with him, where carrying him. Fellini focused on that specific scene where Guido? s face is far beyond noticeable on the camera and the viewer can clearly see his face expressions. The audience can almost feel as if they where there with Guido in that same house. Another good example of Fellini’s great camerawork would be the scene where Guido is in some sort of sauna with many men and women, and the audience can clearly see Guido’s facial expressions when he sees the woman in some sort of bath robe walking to her side of the women? sauna. Guido rapidly, gets distracted and the viewers are able to see the close up on Guido’s face. Following the scene where Guido is called to speak to his eminence, the camera deep focus on the window that is opening and vapor is coming out. Guido’s eminence is being bathed by his helpers. Fellini really embraced the fact that Guido is very religio us since he was very young. Despite his crazy fantasies, and memories, he still seeks for his eminence to obtain permission to do his film. However, the camera work is not the only technique that makes this film special. The shadows, dark lighting and the use of location are also, very important in 8 ?. Federico Fellini made the audience more aware of what was happening throughout the film. Location is where the moviegoers can connect with the film. To conclude Federico Fellini’s film 8 ? was very amusing despite the confusion it caused through the film. The audience struggles to see if it’s reality that is happening in Guido’s life or if it’s just another of his dreams. Now, Guido would dream and fantasize because that was a way for him to cope with his lost inspiration. ? was not only the greatest film during the post- war era, but it also influenced the making of a play, and musical named â€Å"Nine† (1980) which was a revival of the Fellini’s film 8 ?. Nevertheless, film director Federico Fellini and this film itself have made me understand much more of the various types of cinematography and filmmaking techniques there is. However, the film was confusing the surrealism of the film and Guido? s flashbacks, fantasies, and reality made Fellini? s film 8 ? quite an adventure to have seen. How to cite 8 1/2 Federico Fellini, Essay examples

Moral of the story Essays - Samuel Taylor Coleridge, Culture

Moral of the story Character transformation Punishment Fair or not The first moral of the story is the everything happens with a reason, God is always with you. There is a point of everything, everything has values. T There is failure, postictal or unhappy moment, they can make you grow and to be better. Accept it, don't fight it or blame others. He liminal space is not only a punishment, it also makes you wiser. You will never be alone, God, your parents and your friend are always with you like in the story "footprint". They carry and support you. The second moral of the story is God loves all his creature, all God's creatures are equal. The Albatross or the water snake are equal to human. At the beginning, the Mariner sees himself as the center of attention, he shoots the Albatross and blame the bird that it is the Albatross that bring the fog and mist. As his punishment, he and his crew were been put in the liminal space. After all the crew died, the Mariner tries to try to end the punishment, but he cannot. God says that he is nor the ready. When he saw the water snakes, he finally realizes that all God's creature are equal, the Albatross around his neck fells into the sea. After been release to reality, he has the glittering eye and became the messenger of god. He has to tell his story to others to release his pain and guilt, so that others will not make the same mistake. The Mariner suffer grave consequences because he killed God's messenger in order to draw the crew's attention back to him. He was jealous that the crew put all of their attention on the Albatross. He shot the Albatross in front of all the crew to showcase his power. He tries to blame the bird to escape from responsibility. He demonstrates great hubris here; humans want to control everything that is unpredictable. The Mariner and his crew are been put in to the liminal space, they will never witness the fading sun, or sunset. They will be relentlessly thirsty from the poisonous heat of the sun. It is torturous irony that they are surrounded by water, yet they cannot drink the salty water. God punishes the Mariner and his crew by allowing them to suffer the pain to demonstrate the consequences of disrespecting the natural world, including his creations. The Mariner's punishment for killing the Albatross is extremely fair because he has taken the life of one of God's beautiful creations because of his hubris, he wants to win back the crew's attention and want to showcase his power. He has to suffer in the liminal space. After the crew died, he is all alone and has no one to blame. After He come back to reality, he is condemned to perpetually relive his mistake and educate individuals, tell his "rhyme," about the consequences of not appreciating the natural world, thus remaining in a continual state of liminality.

Athenian Democracy essays

Athenian Democracy essays A Democracy is defined as a government of, by and for the people. Originally, democracy meant rule by the common people. In this sense, and even before the beginning of modern class society, it was very much a class affair. It meant that power should be in the hands of the largest class: the poorest, least educated and the propertyless. As a result, democracy was feared and rejected by the educated, the cultured, and the wealthy. In classical Greece, democracy was seen by the enlightened and the educated as one of the worst types of government and society imaginable. The rule of the people was regarded as a threat to all the cherished values of a civilized and orderly society. It would curtail individual freedom and would lead to anarchy. The political system of ancient Athens was a Democracy, which involved all of its citizens and not only their representatives, by giving then daily access to civic affairs and political power. Both decision-making and decision-enforcing were the duty of every citizen, not just of those elected by them or by their leaders. The citizens of Athens were directly involved not only in government matters, but also in matters of justice, as there was no separation of powers in ancient Athens. The Athenian Democracy is one of the more intriguing aspects of political history. It is a source for much of our modern conception of democracy, but it is also quite singular in many of its features. Athenian Democracy started developing at the beginning of the 6th century BC. This development began not by a revolution of simple people demanding political rights, but by the initiative of the ruling class of ancient Athens in slow evolutionary ways. By the middle of the 5th century BC, Athens had developed into a pure and absolute Democracy. In 594 BC, Solon was appointed into power. He took immediate measures to relieve the citizens from the burden of their debts and at the same time began an institutional eff...

Biography of Florence Nightingale, Nursing Pioneer

Biography of Florence Nightingale, Nursing Pioneer Florence Nightingale (May 12, 1820–August 13, 1910), a nurse and social reformer, is considered the founder of the modern nursing profession who helped promote medical training and raise hygiene standards. She served as head nurse for the British during the Crimean War, where she was known as The Lady With the Lamp for her selfless service to sick and injured soldiers. Fast Facts: Florence Nightingale Known For: Founder of modern nursingAlso Known As: The Lady With the Lamp, The Angel of the CrimeaBorn: May 12, 1820 in Florence, ItalyParents: William Edward Nightingale, Frances NightingaleDied: August 13, 1910 in London, EnglandPublished Work: Notes on NursingAwards and Honors: British Order of MeritNotable Quotes: â€Å"Rather, 10 times, die in the surf, heralding the way to a new world, than stand idly on the shore.† Early Life   Florence Nightingale was born on May 12, 1820, in Florence, Italy, to a comfortably prosperous family. She was born while her parents, William Edward Nightingale and Frances Nightingale, were on an extended European honeymoon. (Her father changed his name from Shore to Nightingale after inheriting his great-uncle’s estate in 1815.) The family returned to England the next year, dividing their time between a home in Derbyshire in central England and a grander estate in Hampshire in the south-central part of the country. She and her older sister Parthenope were educated by governesses and then by their father. She studied classical Greek and Latin and modern French, German, and Italian. She also studied history, grammar, and philosophy and received tutoring in  mathematics  when she was 20, after overcoming her parents objections. From a young age, Nightingale was active in philanthropy, working with the ill and poor in the nearby village. Then, on Feb. 7, 1837, Nightingale heard the voice of God, she later said, telling her she had a mission, though it took some years for her to identify that mission. Nursing By 1844, Nightingale had chosen a different path from the social life and marriage expected by her parents. Again over their objections, she decided to work in nursing, at the time a less-than-respectable profession for women. In 1849, Nightingale refused a marriage proposal from a suitable gentleman, Richard Monckton Milnes, who had pursued her for years. She told him he stimulated her intellectually and romantically, but her moral†¦active nature called for something beyond a domestic life. Nightingale enrolled as a nursing student in 1850 and 1851 at the Institution of Protestant Deaconesses in Kaiserswerth, Germany. She then worked briefly for a Sisters of Mercy hospital near Paris. Her views began to be respected. In 1853, she returned to England and took a nursing job at Londons Institution for the Care of Sick Gentlewomen. Her performance so impressed her employer that she was promoted to superintendent, an unpaid position. Nightingale also volunteered at a Middlesex hospital, grappling with a cholera outbreak and unsanitary conditions that further spread the disease. She improved hygiene practices, significantly lowering the death rate at the hospital. Crimea October 1853 marked the outbreak of the Crimean War, in which British and French forces fought the Russian Empire for control of Ottoman territory. Thousands of British soldiers were sent to the Black Sea, where supplies quickly dwindled. After the Battle of Alma, England was in an uproar over the lack of medical attention and appallingly unsanitary conditions faced by the ill and injured soldiers. At the urging of a family friend, Secretary of War Sidney Herbert, Nightingale volunteered to take a group of female nurses to Turkey. In 1854, 38 women, including Anglican and Roman Catholic sisters, accompanied her to the front. She reached the military hospital at Scutari, Turkey, on Nov. 5, 1854. Deplorable Conditions They had been warned of horrible conditions, but nothing could have prepared them for what they found. The hospital sat atop a cesspool, which contaminated the water and the  building. Patients lay in their own excrement. Basic supplies such as bandages and soap were scarce. More soldiers were dying from infectious diseases such as typhoid and cholera than from injuries sustained in battle. Nightingale headed nursing efforts, improved sanitation, and ordered supplies using significant funds raised by the London Times, gradually winning over the military doctors. She soon focused more on administration than on actual nursing, but she continued to visit the wards and to send letters home for the injured and ill soldiers. She insisted that she be the only woman in the wards at night, carrying a lamp as she made her rounds and earning the title The Lady With the Lamp. The mortality rate at the hospital dropped from 60% at her arrival to 2% six months later. Nightingale applied her education in mathematics to develop statistical analyses of disease and mortality, in the process popularizing the pie chart. She continued to fight the military bureaucracy and on March 16, 1856, she became general superintendent of the Female Nursing Establishment of the Military Hospitals of the Army. Return to England Nightingale returned home in the summer of 1856, once the Crimean conflict was resolved. She was surprised to find that she was a heroine in England, but she worked against public adulation. The previous year, Queen Victoria had awarded her an engraved brooch that became known as the Nightingale Jewel and a $250,000 grant, which she used in 1860 to fund the establishment of St. Thomas Hospital, which included the Nightingale Training School for Nurses. She wrote a massive  report in 1857 analyzing her Crimean War experience and proposing reforms that sparked a restructuring of the War Offices administrative department, including the establishment of a Royal Commission for the Health of the Army. She also wrote Notes on Nursing, the first textbook for modern  nursing, in 1859. While working in Turkey, Nightingale had contracted brucellosis, a bacterial infection also known as Crimean fever, and would never fully recover. By the time she was 38 years old, she was homebound and routinely bedridden in London for the rest of her long life. Working mostly from home, she founded the Nightingale School and Home for Nurses in London in 1860, using funds contributed by the public for her work in the Crimea. Nightingale collaborated with Elizabeth Blackwell, the first woman granted a medical degree in the United States, on starting the Womans Medical College in their home country of England. The school opened in 1868 and operated for 31 years. Death Nightingale was blind by 1901. In 1907 King Edward VII awarded her the Order of Merit, making her the first woman to receive that honor. She declined a national funeral and burial at Westminster Abbey, requesting that her grave be marked simply. Her condition worsened In August 1910, but she seemed to recover and was in good spirits. On August 12, however, she developed a troubling array of symptoms and died around 2 p.m. the following day, August 13, at her home in London. Legacy Its difficult to overstate the contributions that Florence Nightingale made to medicine, including her work on sanitation and hygiene and on organizational structures, and especially to nursing. Her fame encouraged many women to take up nursing, and her success in founding the Nightingale School and Home for Nurses and the Womans Medical College opened the field to women around the world. The Florence Nightingale Museum, at the site of the Nightingale Training School for Nurses, houses more than 2,000 artifacts commemorating the life and career of the Angel of the Crimea and The Lady With the Lamp. Sources Florence Nightingale Biography. Biography.com.Florence Nightingale: British Nurse, Statistician, and Social Reformer. Encyclopedia Britannica.Nightingale, Florence. Notes on Nursing: What It Is, and What It Is Not. Dover Books on Biology, Paperback, 1 edition, Dover Publications, June 1, 1969.

Consuming Art, comsuming Society_ Keith Haring works and his Research Paper

Consuming Art, comsuming Society_ Keith Haring works and his inspiration - Research Paper Example Keith must have inherited his amazing style and artwork talent from his father who was a cartoonist. The paper will focus more on Keith Haring artwork and its inspirations on the art world. Discussion From his childhood years, Keith was interested in artwork and he grew up making drawings with his dad in Kutztown in Pennsylvania, and was increasingly motivated by popular Disney and Schultz cartoon work. Between 1979 and 78, he went to commercial collage of art in Ivy Professional Art college and gained interest in international artwork and later focused or Fine Art study1. Keith’s art was later witnessed in all public murals, nightclubs, museums and galleries all over the globe and he was famous for his activism in promoting awareness of AIDS. In New York, a home of thriving underground art scene, Keith befriended his fellow artists such as Jean-Mechel and Scarf, both of whom shared his colorful and transgressive graffiti art interest of the streets of the city2. Together with his colleagues organized exhibitions at different locations such as downtown nightclubs where music, art, and fashion combined in an effective mix. Outside the clubs, Keith started utilizing the town as his canvas, and riding the subway he discovered a black rectangular paper of blank advertising panels on wall stations and with a white chalk he started filling the panels with quick, simple picture drawings3. His signature images comprised of dancing images, a crawling baby generating light rays –radiant boy- a dog barking, flying saucer, television heads figures and bigger hearts, these graffiti images drew New York commuters and city authorities attention leading to Keith accusation of vandalism4. He responded to this accusation by highlighting that high art is an increasingly expensive production such that common people, therefore, to neutralize this Pop Shop store allowed ordinary people to afford art items at affordable prices. The shop has since then prospered and expa nded its practices online. Keith later started to apply his globally known imagery to self-supporting paintings and drawings. His art optimism and energy, with its strong lines and shining colors made him popular with great number of audience and in 1981, he started his solo exhibition in Manhattan. In 1983, he began displaying his artwork in galleries such as Tony Shafrazi that would display him in his lifelong career. All through from 1980s, Keith’s work was displayed broadly both internationally and in the US. In addition, in the quest to promote accessibility of his work, he started Pop Shop retail shop in the city of the New York and its neighborhood Soho in 1986 where he exhibited posters, Tshirt other cheap items featuring his signature designs5. Since then, various commercial industries have been established round Keith’s visual aesthetic all over the world with some of the items such as T-shirts, sneakers, cards and jewelry made from Keith artwork, and graffit i school designs. Keith has capitalized on his own image in a manner that painters could not imagine before the mass media age6. As he discovered and developed his style, Keith’s artwork visually fought against increased forms of racism, capitalism, religious, injustice and violence consumption, with focus on the nuclear war threats, environmental destruction, AIDs pandemic

Young British Artists and the world Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Young British Artists and the world - Essay Example Most art forms seem to go through phases and cycles of inspiration. Sometimes, it seems that the well of inspiration is particularly dry; during other times, like the wave of rising popularity for young British artists, particularly during the early and mid 1990's Not only has contemporary British art become more popular here at home, but also abroad. This has implications not only for the artists themselves, but also for the scope of mainstream contemporary art as a whole. Additionally, the whole of British culture is affected by this latest wave of young inspiration, as well as the world's view of Great Britain and British culture.In the late 1980's, British art entered a new exciting chapter-a new wave of inspiration was borne of apathy and confusion, and the hearts and minds of a new generation and breed of artists-those who would soon become known as the YBA's, or Young British Artists.The generation known as Young British Artists (YBAs) were born between the mid-1960s and 1970s , and emerged from the art schools in the late 1980s. In these educational establishments major changes were taking place. They registered a reaction to the then Prime Minister Margaret Thatcher, who claimed that there was 'no such thing as society'. It was in this context that both teachers and students came together to consider contemporary life and culture head-on, (Nelson 2000) The beginning of this movement is most often attributed to a 1988 exhibit in London, entitled Freeze, and organized by Damien Hirst, while he was still an art student at Goldsmiths College. He would go on to become the most widely celebrated of the YBA's, but was accompanied by such artists as Tracey Emin, Cornelia Parker, Christine Borland, and Sarah Lucas, to name a few, (Tate Online Glossary) The notion of the young celebrity artist seems to be a fairly new one, with an uncanny cult-like following. The work of artists such as Tracey Emin, Damian Hirst, the Chapman brothers, and Grayson Perry had all but taken on a life of it's own in the 1990's. It can be argued that the art was essentially representative of the culture at the time, emerging simultaneously with the 'grunge' movement in music and lifestyle. Certainly it is no coincidence that the YBA movement seemed to begin at the same time that the grunge rock band Nirvana appeared on the global scene, emerging from Seattle in the United States, and making a trend of stoner nonchalance, torn jeans and flannel shirts, the epitome of 'cool'. It is not that the global grunge movement was a direct result of the artistic YBA movement in London, nor vice versa. Rather, the world seem filled at the time with a feeling of apathy for life; there were no major wars to be fought, and nothing to be won, just an ubiquitous haze of melancholy that seemed to infiltrate everything in its path. These angry youth burst onto the cultural landscape all over, forming a sort of cultural revolution, and then "screaming how fucked-up it and everything around it was," (Bracewell 2002). To be certain, "the label YBA turned out to be a powerful brand and marketing tool, but of course it concealed huge diversity. Nevertheless certain broad trends both formal an d thematic can be discerned. Formally, the era is marked by a complete openness towards the materials and processes with which art can be made and the form that it can take," (Tate Online Glossary). In theory and in practice, the YBA was essentially raging aganst life in general. The YBA movement, like the grunge rock movement in the United States, began as a socialist, anti-corporate, anti-establishment movement, rallying against invisible oppression, and finding common ground in the assertion and expression of the artist's idea of self. For them, depression, alcoholism, and poverty were a reality to be shared with the world at large. Tracey Emin, who is described as "one of the most prominent members of

Impact of the Appreciation of the New Zealand Dollar on SMEs

Impact of the Appreciation of the New Zealand Dollar on SMEs APPRECIATION OF NZ$: ITS IMPACT ON SME’s New Zealand has been considered as a distinguished economy. It is primarily because the economy faced the challenges of international economic depression and was victorious in the same. According to a report by Forbes in the year 2014, the country holds a strong rank among the safe-haven economies in the world. New Zealand’s economy has been a dynamic one (Colombo, 2014). It has experienced appreciation and depreciation of its dollar on a consequent basis. Even in the 1990s and early 2000s New Zealand’s economy acknowledged higher appreciation of its dollar due to higher interest rates which fascinated large number of capital investors (Brash, 2000; Fallow, 2013). But since 2009, the economy is emerged very strongly but this has resulted in rising level of concerns among varied sectors and industries in New Zealand (Fallow, 2013). SME which implies â€Å"Small and Medium Enterprises† play a very crucial role in the economic development of any economy across the globe (Fink and Kraus, 2009). New Zealand is no different as its economy to a large extent is supported by performance of SMEs. But defining SME is a critical job because there is not universally accepted definition. Each economy has a different definition of a SME (Abdullah and Bakar, 2000). SMEs in New Zealand are defined by the New Zealand governing bodies as those organizational set ups which operate with 20 or less number of workers / employee (Ministry of Economic Development, 2011). Most of these units are generally controlled and handled by their owners themselves. One third of New Zealand’s GDP (gross domestic product) comprises of inputs from this sector (Waikato Times, 2014). This sector has also aided in provision of employment which is evident from the fact that one third of New Zealand’s entire population is absorbed f or varied jobs (Waikato Times, 2014). Another startling fact about SME in New Zealand is that it comprises of approximately 97 % of trade and commerce through 460,000 SME set ups (Ministry of Economic Development, 2011; Waikato Times, 2014). SMEs in New Zealand have resorted to extensive internationalization. These organizations are not supported by subsidies from New Zealand’s government. But yet they have undertaken this route to overcome competitive pressures created due to presence of cheap Chinese products in domestic markets (Jaeger, 2007). Thus to gain long term sustainability these organizations have internationalized their operations. Most of the SMEs who have opted to internationalize have resorted to a unique business strategy and model of their own. This is primarily because these SMEs aim to gain competitive advantage through internalization by optimally using various available and accessible opportunities (Jaeger, 2007). These SMEs mainly focus on geographic diversity of markets and effectively of distribution channels. The markets of chosen not on basis of any technical analysis but based on SME entrepreneur’s individual choices and their understanding of market feasibility. The internationa lization adopted by SMEs in New Zealand is termed as Bricolage model. The model is depicted in diagram below. Figure 1 The Bricolage Model Source: Jaeger, 2007 USD that is United States Dollar is considered as a point of reference in the world economy (Bloomberg, 2013). No governing body or international organization has declared USD as a ruling currency (Amadeo, 2014). But yet the appreciation and depreciation of currency across world is measured against this dollar primarily because it is considered as a governing intercontinental currency in. As a matter of fact in many countries even outside America, USD is used as their formal currency. Further approximately 85 % of foreign exchange trading entail use of dollars (Amadeo, 2014). Currency depreciation against USD implies a stronger dollar which makes imports expensive for local organizations (Gwartney et al, 2014). This is mainly because dollar becomes more costly. This in turn implies more money draining out of a nation and thus negatively affecting domestic economy. Currency appreciation is a more favourable option for economies but only in the long run. Currency appreciation means det eriorating USD in comparison to domestic currency. It is mainly because domestic currency appreciation implies a stronger economy and making imports cheaper. But it also implies increased prices of exports which makes domestic economy’s products expensive in international markets. Alternatively, with cheaper imports, domestic products within local markets face stiff price competition. Though a strong appreciation of currency indicates a stable and strong economy but its pitfalls cannot be negated. In 2011-12, New Zealand’s economy experienced an augmentation of 7 % in NZ $ on a Trade Weighted Index (TWI) Basis (Tarrant, 2012). One of the major reasons behind this is economy’s potential to overcome financial spur created by varied banks across the globe (Tarrant, 2012). Some of the other reasons this currency appreciation are depreciation of US dollars, strong and optimistic credit ratings for New Zealand’s economy by international organizations, stability in international monetary markets, benevolent economic conditions, accelerating interest rates and a centre of attention for capital investments (PwC, 2014; Headey and Fan, 2008). Another reason put forward for this is slackening of economic and monetary policies by various economies (Bernanke, 2010). In this most of the central banks provide for quantitative leverage of either float newly produced currency which results in increased risk exposure at international forum (Tarrant, 2012). The appreciation of NZ $ has benefitted the economy by helping the same to control its inflationary rates and trend thus enhancing economy’s stability. New Zealand with its far sighted strategic planning has been able to overcome negative impacts of such financial spur. But this too have had its side effects in form of raising medium term interest rates (International Monetary Fund, 2010). These rising rates have made it costly for SMEs to procure bank investments and thus discoursing entrepreneurs to a large extent. Out of all the negative impacts, the worst affected due to New Zealand’s money appreciation are trade sectors, exports business and import-competing manufacturers (Tarrant, 2012). One of the major impacts of appreciation of NZ $ was evident from restricted export activities. Price responsive markets strongly reacted to such currency appreciation which was apparent in form of declining New Zealand exports (Deakins et al, 2013). As a result of this export earnings decline, many companies were forced to withdraw from international markets. This depicted a negative impact on New Zealand’s economy and SMEs. But interestingly companies having strategic approach which catered at developing strong associations with banks and providing adequate time and resources were seemed to be successful. Another impact of appreciation of NZ $ was visible in form of declining product prices which affected manufacturers and traders to a large extent. Considering the case of dairy in New Zealand, the prices of dairy products fell steeply. Dairy farmers were affected to a large extent mainly because such a price decline meant lower income (Shanghai Daily, 2014). But the situation got managed due to high export demands of New Zealand’s dairy products in China, primarily at higher prices owing to its categorization as a lavish product (Teague, 2014). With imports becoming cheap, the import-competing organizations are having a tough time in sustaining market pressures. A major chunk of New Zealand’s import is from China. Thus with currency appreciation, Chinese products which are as it is lower priced are easily spreading their tentacles within the economy. Domestic manufacturers are failing to perform primarily because people in New Zealand are offered with large number of cheaper substitutes. This has resulted in a change in disbursements pattern of its population. (Tarrant, 2012) There has been a dearth of research related to appreciation of NZ $ and its impact on SMEs. In such a scenario it is essential to study such relationships between the two to understand the dynamics of New Zealand’s markets both at national and international frontier. Therefore this study will be interesting along with being useful. This study will provide with an insight to the various SME organizations with regards to sound strategic planning so that they can benefit from such NZ $ appreciation. References Abdullah,M. and Bakar, M. (2000). Small and Medium Enterprises in Asian Pacific Countries: Roles and issues. New York: Nova Publishers Amadeo, K. (2014). World Currency: Why Dollar is the World Currency?. Available at http://useconomy.about.com/od/glossary/g/global_currency.htm [Accessed Sept 24, 2014] Bernanke, B. (2010). The economic outlook and monetary policy. In Speech at the Federal Reserve Bank of Kansas City Economic Symposium, Jackson Hole, (Vol. 27), Wyoming. Bloomberg (2013). Bloomberg Indexes Unveils Dynamic U.S. Dollar Benchmark. Bloomberg Finance LP Brash, (2000). The fall of the New Zealand dollar: why has it happened, and what does it mean? Reserve Bank of New Zealand Bulletien, Vol. 63, No. 4, pp. 22-27 Colombo, J. (2014). 12 Reasons Why New Zealands Economic Bubble Will End InDisaster. Available at http://www.forbes.com/sites/jessecolombo/2014/04/17/12-reasons-hy-new-zealands-economic-bubble-will-end-in-disaster/ [Accessed Sept 18, 2014] Deakins, D., Battisti, M., Perry, M. and Crick, D. (2013).Understanding Internationalisation Behaviour. New Zealand Centre for Small and Medium Enterprise Research. New Zealand Fallow, B. (2013). Strong NZ dollar only part of the story. New Zealand Herald. Dated 7th Feb, Auckland. Fink and Kraus, S. (2009). The Management ofSmall and Medium Enterprises. USA: Routledge Gwartney, J., Stroup, R., Sobel, R. and Macpherson, D. (2014). Economics: Private And Public Choice. USA: Cengage Learning Headey, D. and Fan, S. (2008). Anatomy of a crisis: the causes and consequences of surging food prices.Agricultural Economics,Vol. 39, No. 1, pp. 375-391. International Monetary Fund (2010). New Zealand: 2010 Article IV Consultation Staff Report; and Public Information Notice on the Executive Board Discussion. International Monetary Fund Jaeger, S. (2007). How SMEs engage in the global economy – cases from New Zealand. In Oxford Business Economics Conference, UK: Oxford University. Ministry of Economic Development (2011). SMEs in New Zealand: Structure and Dynamics. New Zealand Government, New Zealand. PwC (2014). The rise and rise of the NZ dollar exchange rate – implications for the New Zealand economy. Available at http://www.pwc.co.nz/news-releases/the-rise-and-rise-of-the-nz-dollar-exchange-rate/ [Accessed Sept 18, 2014] Shanghai Daily (2014). Dairy prices, currency appreciation trouble New Zealand producers. Shanghai Daily, dated !9th Aug, Shanghai Tarrant, A. (2012). High NZ$ keeping inflation in check, but detrimental to NZ economy, as global central banks print, RBNZ says; ‘Global easing may continue’. JDJL Limited, dated 8th Mar, Auckland. Teague, S. (2014). New Zealand dollar caught between safe-haven and EM status. EuroMoney, dated 3rd Sept, UK. Waikato Times (2014). SMEs still backbone of NZ business. Available at http://www.stuff.co.nz/business/small-business/10198006/SMEs-still-backbone-of-NZ-business [Accessed Sept 25, 2014]